Cracks can be unattractive, but they are not indications of serious structural issues or unsafe conditions. Cracks appear in brittle materials like concrete, drywalls, wood, brick, stone etc. Structural distress can cause cracks. But, majority of cracks are not structural in nature. Cracks are mainly caused by expansion and contraction of building materials with respect to seasonal changes. These cracks may not be considered severe. Commonly seen cracks are due to the expansion or contraction of concrete, grout after construction. Builders use construction joints in structure expecting cracks.
Hairline cracks: This type of crack is commonly seen in structures especially in plastered surface which is prone to shrink.
Stepped cracks: This type of crack tend to follow horizontal and vertical joints in buildings, such as beds of mortar between brick or blocks and may indicate structural movement.
Vertical cracks: This type of crack indicates the significant stress within the building. This may occur due to the failure of structural component such as bricks and blocks.
Horizontal cracks: This type of crack is a question of safety. It is the indication of wall failing.
Cracks that are wider at the top or at the bottom may indicate that there has been foundation movement
When a concrete slab losses moisture quickly, it can lead to cracks. Crazing cracks and Crusting cracks appear on the top layer when the layer is dried off.
Permeability of concrete
Thermal movement
Corrosion of reinforcement
Poor construction
Improper structural design
Poor maintenance
Chemical reactions
Natural factors
If you have any doubt regarding the seriousness of cracks, immediately approach a qualified professional. Rather than simply covering up the problems, it is important to understand the reason due to which the cracks have occurred. It may be wise to seek expert advice particularly if the cracks are large or if they are increasing in size.
